In the realm of bioreactors, hollow fiber membranes have emerged as a prominent tool due to their remarkable performance. These versatile membranes, characterized by their dense array of thin fibers, offer a large contact area for mass transfer. The unique morphology of hollow fiber membranes enhances efficient transport of components across the me

Membrane Aerated Bioreactors (MABRs) are a sophisticated approach for treating wastewater. Unlike classic bioreactors, MABRs harness a unique combination of membrane filtration and biological processes to achieve superior treatment efficiency. Within an MABR system, gas is supplied directly through the membranes that house a dense population of mic